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The most common psychoactive drugs are alcohol, Barbiturates, nicotine, amphetamines, tranquilizers, heroin and ecstasy.

People who have antisocial personality disorder have out of responsible behaviors. They would like to be alone most of the time so it can be accepted that they wouldn't be socialized with others. Also, studies have shown that people with antisocial personality disorder are more likely to have collapsed to obey society's rules. However, it shouldn't be provoked to develop stigmas forward these people. They can have illegal behaviors.

Hi everyone. You can check about PTSD in children.

I would like to mention that when we talk about people who have disabilities or mental disorders, we should pick appropriate words. I want to explain this situation with an example. Firstly, I would like to describe the meaning of ability. “A disability is present when activities usually performed by people (such as walking, talking, reading, or learning) are in some way restricted” (APA, 2015). In other words, APA defines disability as some restriction. In addition, the state of being handicapped is not related to humans. Handicapped is a term used for situations that are linked to the environment (APA, 2015). If you use handicapped as a term for people, it is surely offensive, because you mean that this person can't do this. Actually, the major problem begins here with people's minds. Unfortunately, all these meanings and use of words are all about people's stigmas and stereotypes. Society's view of differences can reinforce prejudices and ignore people who have different characteristics in various situations. Also, I added a link for you. https://psychiatry.org/news-room/reporting-on-mental-health-conditions

In the case of the Covid-19 outbreak, I think online psychosocial support is very important without first getting into close contact. Psychosocial support can be provided using various online applications. At some point, the critical principle is online therapy ethics. Thus, the specialist is responsible for considering both online therapy ethics and post-disaster psychosocial methods. Especially with group therapies, all participants share something from themselves and affect all other participants. Although individual therapy is essential, it is a fact that group therapies gained importance in the framework of the Covid-19 outbreak. At another point, well-being can be focused on, and participants can be supported on well-being because covid-19 directly impacts mental health. “ Coping strategies and routines are built around challenges in everyday life in order to maintain a degree of certainty and control over personal emotional and mental stability. During and after pandemics, individual coping strategies, routines, and support systems can be disrupted.” (Esterwood & Saeed, 2020, para. 7) In the other words, the people need to learn how they can deal with the causes of this situation by themselves., The pandemic process is different from a disaster situation. Since the pandemic lasts longer and is not yet fully over, people are confronted with new rules and prohibitions every day, although they do not know what to do. To sum up I would like to remind you that people are more likely to develop PTSD after Covid-19. There are many studies are going on about what Covid-19 has changed in our lives. We will be able to see the consequences in the short future.

Hi everyone. Since I had an opportunity to make some reviews about ageism, I would you check it! This article is a review of previous ageism studies. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568163719301023

Hi everyone. I hope all of you are doing well. Since I have been curious about eating disorders nowadays, I found some significant information about Binge Eating Disorder. You can also see the short form of it as BED. Binge Eating Disorder can be explained as individuals eating until they feel uncomfortable without control and lack of hunger. People who suffer from BED can be obese. However, it does not mean everyone who is obese can develop BED. This disorder can be developed because of low-self esteem, depression and some childhood traumas. If you are interested, you can see the article that I attached.

I found an article about the classification of mental disorders. It is not easy to separate mental disorders in terms of some features or characteristics. The thing is every individual can develop unique symptoms based on a disorder. I have attached the link for the article. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2537983/

Hi everyone! I found that Criminal Psychology is more common rather than Forensic Psychology in Europe. What could be the major reason these two fields are concerning similar?

I would like to have new tips to get over a breakup? As you know, these kinds of stressful situations impact your mental health. Thanks in advance!

I would like to share this interesting article with you. It is about the long-term effects of childhood traumas. I think we should be aware of it. You can access it free. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2018.1435328

I am going to share a curiosity here. How do you feel when you are worrying that you might have any kind of mental disorder? I usually try to read reliable sources. I would do literature reviews so I could understand how others would experience similar situations. Definitely, I avoid diagnosing myself. I think that I might have this disorder but I also can miss it unless this causes distress to me and the people around me. Lastly, I can seek professional help if I need it.

Hi everyone. PTSD is a significant case today. Unfortunately, many people are suffering from PTSD. I crossed an article about how PTSD had a big impact on the Balkans because of the following war. I attached the article that you can read.

First of all, trust is essential in human relationships. We may have negative feelings toward someone we do not trust or cannot comfortably share everything with them. This situation can sometimes cause misunderstandings, damage the relationship, or create many other problems. In this direction, the therapeutic relationship is also vital for the therapist and people. The therapist should create an atmosphere of trust, approach empathy, and not judge under any circumstances. As a result, one can easily explain himself/ herself to the therapist. If this relationship does not occur, the therapies may become meaningless, primarily because the person may pass on false information to the therapist. Likewise, it is important for the therapist to pay attention to this ethically.

Hi everyone. I would get your attention about mental health hospitals. I think it is an important topic because its conditions matter in terms of human rights. People go to hospitals and visit doctors when they think there is something wrong with their body, experience pain in internal organs, and some emergency situations such as car accidents, natural disasters. People have various treatments for types of illnesses and disease severity. Even though using the term physical hospital is awkward, there are several terms to express what a mental hospital is. Mental institution, mental health hospital, and psychiatric hospital terms are similar. They are usually concerned in the same way. Actually, they have mostly common functions and outcomes. Also, exchanging language and translation from English might cause meaning differences. The APA describes a mental institution as “A treatment-oriented facility in which patients with the severe psychological disorder are provided with supervised general care and therapy by trained psychologists and psychiatrists as well as auxiliary staff.” (APA). However, the APA explains, that a psychiatric hospital is “a public or private institution providing inpatient treatment to individuals with mental disorders. Also called the mental hospital.” (APA). According to the description, it can be understood that it is a hospital for inpatients with different long stays.

Hi everyone! I usually have a really hard time during my exam week. How do you cope with anxiety when you have exams?

I would like to talk about the most known eating disorders. I will start with "Anorexia Bulimia" first. People who are suffering from anorexia, restrict the calories that they intake. They are afraid of gaining weight and have some issues with their body weight or shape. Diagnostic criteria are met in 3 features mentioned above. These individuals have a significantly lower weight than they should be when compared with their peers. It is the major difference among people who live with Bulimia Nervosa. (I will not talk about Bulimia Nervosa in this post). They have extremely low BMI scores. Their weight can be life-threatening. Even though they are hospitalized, they can still refuse to eat food. These individuals have developed harmful diets as well. They might eat only some picked foods and may do long-duration fastings. Also, excessive training sessions can be found in the patient's history. They might get into self-vomiting behaviors and use laxatives. To sum up, they can develop various eating habits, but diagnostic criteria are very important. If you would like to read: https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/learn/by-eating-disorder/anorexia

We usually hear about depression without classification in daily life. Is it important to use specific names or not? I mean, when we talk about people who are diagnosed with depression. For example, should we say major depression or only depression?

The mother wound is related with attachment theory. You need to know attachment theory well to understand what the mother wound is. I sometimes think that I can have some issues with that. By the way, there is no information about the mother wound in DSM-V. As I see, it doesn't meet the diagnosis criteria.

In my opinion, misdemeanors, and felonies have a big impact on the severity of the penalty. What is your opinion about the difference between these two?